Architecture & Language Implementation

Recent Publications

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Compiler Architectures

The Common Language Encoding Form (CLEF) Design Document , Glen E. Weaver, Brendon D. Cahoon, J. Eliot B. Moss, K. S. McKinley, Eric J. Wright, James H. Burrill, University of Massachusetts at Amherst Technical Report TR 97-58. [Abstract].

Score: A Compiler Representation for Heterogeneous Systems , Glen E. Weaver, K. S. McKinley, Charles C. Weems. Proceedings of the 1996 Heterogeneous Computing Workshop, Honolulu, HI, April 1996. [Abstract].

Goals and Design of the Whole Program Optimizer , Amer Diwan , MASPLAS 1996.


Compiler Optimizations

Guided Region Prefetching: A Cooperative Hardware/Software Approach, Zhenlin Wang, Doug Burger, Steven K. Reinhardt, Kathryn S. McKinley, Charles C. Weems, To appear in the Thirtieth International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA'03)

Using the Compiler to Improve Cache Replacement Decisions, Zhenlin Wang, Kathryn S. McKinley, Arnold L. Rosenberg, and Charles C. Weems, Proceedings of International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques, Charlottesville, Virginia, September 22-25, 2002

Data Reorganization for Improving Cache Performance of Object-Oriented Programs , Sharad Singhai , Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, Feburary 2002. [Abstract] [pdf]

Data Flow Analysis for Software Prefetching Linked Data Structures in Java , Brendon Cahoon, K S. McKinley, Proceedings of International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques, Barcelona, Spain, September 8-12, 2001

Compiling for the Impulse Memory Controller, Xianglong Huang, Zhenlin Wang, and K S. McKinley, Proceedings of International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques, Barcelona, Spain, September 8-12, 2001

On Memory Behavior of Scalars in Embedded Multimedia Systems, O.S. Unsal, Z. Wang, I. Koren, C.M. Krishna, and C.A. Moritz, Proceedings of WMPI'01, Workshop on Memory Performance Issues, Goteborg, Sweden, June, 2001

Improving Replacement Decisions in Set-Associative Caches, Zhenlin Wang, K S. McKinley, and Arnold L. Rosenberg, Proceedings of MASPLAS'01, The Mid-Atlantic Student Workshop on Programming Languages and Systems, IBM Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, April, 2001.

Using Types to Analyze and Optimize Object-Oriented Programs , Amer Diwan, K S. McKinley, and J. Eliot B. Moss, , ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 23 (1), January 2001, pp. 30-72.

Improving Replacement Decisions in Set-Associative Caches, Zhenlin Wang, K S. McKinley, and Arnold L. Rosenberg, University of Massachusetts at Amherst Technical Report TR 01-02.

Load Scheduling using Hardware Counters , G. Lindenmaier, K. S. McKinley, and O. Temam, Proceedings of Euro-Par'2000, 10 pages, Munich, Germany, August 2000.

Tolerating Latency by Prefetching Java Objects , Brendon D. Cahoon, and K. S. McKinley. Workshop on Hardware Support for Objects and Microarchitectures for Java, Oct. 10, 1999.

A Compiler Optimization Algorithm for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors , K. S. McKinley, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 9(8): 769--787, August, 1998.

Type-Based Alias Analysis , Amer Diwan, K. S. McKinley, J. Eliot B. Moss, ACM SIGPLAN conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, June 1998, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Learning to Schedule Straight-Line Code , J. Eliot B. Moss, Paul E. Utgoff, John Cavazos, Doina Precup, Darko Stefanovic, Carla Brodley, and David Scheeff. Neural Information Processing Systems -- Natural and Synthetic, December 1997, Denver, Colorado. [Abstract].

A Parameterized Loop Fusion Algorithm for Improving Parallelism and Cache Locality, Sharad Singhai and K. S. McKinley. The Computer Journal, 40(6):340-355, 1997. [Abstract].

Improving Data Locality with Loop Transformations , K. S. McKinley, Steve Carr, and Chau-Wen Tseng, ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 18(4):424-453, July 1996.

Loop Fusion for Parallelism and Locality , Sharad Singhai, K. S. McKinley, Mid-Atlantic States Student Workshop on Programming Languages and Systems, MASPLAS '96April 1996

Simple and effective analysis of statically-typed object-oriented programs , Amer Diwan, J. Eliot B. Moss, K. S. McKinley, OOPSLA '96.

Tile Size Selection Using Cache Organization and Data Layout , S. Coleman and K. S. McKinley, Proceedings of the SIGPLAN '95 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, La Jolla, CA, June 1995.

Compiler Optimizations for Improving Data Locality , S. Carr, K. S. McKinley, C. Tseng, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS VI), San Jose, October 1994.

Evaluating Automatic Parallelization for Efficient Execution on Shared-Memory Multiprocessors , K. S. McKinley, 1994 International Conference on Supercomputing, Manchester, England, July 1994.

Maximizing Loop Parallelism and Improving Data Locality via Loop Fusion and Distribution , K. Kennedy and K. S. McKinley, Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing Portland, Oregon, August 1993.

Optimizing for Parallelism and Data Locality , K. Kennedy and K. S. McKinley, 1992 ACM International Conference on Supercomputing, Washington, D.C., July 1992.

Automatic and Interactive Parallelization , K. S. McKinley, PhD Dissertation, Rice University, April 1992.

Loop Distribution with Arbitrary Control Flow , K. Kennedy and K. S. McKinley, Supercomputing 90, New York, November 1990.


Programming Environments

Analysis and Transformation in an Interactive Parallel Programming Tool , K. Kennedy, K. S. McKinley, C. Tseng, Concurrency: Practice & Experience, 5 (7), October 1993.

Experiences using the ParaScope Editor: An Interactive Parallelization Tool , M. W. Hall, T. Harvey, K. Kennedy, N. McIntosh, K. S. McKinley, J. D. Oldham, M. Paleczny, and G. Roth, The Fourth ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, San Diego, May 1993.

The ParaScope Parallel Programming Environment , K. D. Cooper, M. W. Hall, R. Hood, K. Kennedy, K. S. McKinley, J. Mellor-Crummey, L. Torczon, and S. Warren, The Proceedings of the IEEE, 1993, 81(2), February 1993.

How to Quantify Loop Nest Locality , K. S. McKinley, and O. Temam, book chapter in {\em Performance Evaluation and Benchmarking with Realistic Applications.} MIT Press. Rudi Eigenmann, Editor.

Interactive Parallel Programming Using the ParaScope Editor , K. Kennedy, K. S. McKinley, and C. Tseng, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 2(3):329-341, July 1991.


Memory System Performance

Quantifying Loop Nest Locality Using SPEC'95 and the Perfect Benchmarks , K. S. McKinley, and O. Temam, ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, 17(4): 288-336, November 1999.

When are Bytecodes Faster than Direct Execution? , James K. Doyle, J. Eliot B. Moss, Antony L. Hosking. Submitted for publication.

A Quantitative Analysis of Loop Nest Locality , K. S. McKinley, O. Temam, The 7th International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Boston, MA, October 1996.

Memory System Performance of Programs with Intensive Heap Allocation , Amer Diwan, David Tarditi (CMU), and J. Eliot B. Moss. ACM Transactions on Computer Systems. An earlier version is available as CMU Technical Report CMU-CS-93-227

Memory Subsystem Performance of Programs Using Copying Garbage Collection , Amer Diwan, David Tarditi (CMU), and J. Eliot B. Moss. POPL '94, pp 1--14. This paper is also available as a CMU technical report CMU-CS-93-210.


Garbage Collection and Memory Management

Older-first Garbage Collection in Practice: Evaluation in a Java Virtual Machine, Darko Stefanovic, Matthew Hertz, Steve M. Blackburn, K. S. McKinley, and J. Eliot B. Moss, Memory System Performance, Berlin, Germany, June 2002.

Framework for Analyzing Garbage Collection , Matthew Hertz, Neil Immerman, and J. Eliot B. Moss, Foundations of Information Technology in the Era of Network and Mobile Computing, pp. 230-242. Available from Kluwer.

Error-Free Garbage Collection Traces: How to Cheat and Not Get Caught , Matthew Hertz, Steve M. Blackburn, K. S. McKinley, J. Eliot B. Moss, and Darko Stefanovic, Proceedings of the International Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems, Marina Del Rey, CA, June 15-19, 2002.

Beltway: Getting Around Garbage Collection Gridlock, Steve M. Blackburn, Richard Jones, K. S. McKinley, and J. Eliot B. Moss, ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI), June 17-19, 2002, Berlin, Germany. To appear.

In or Out? Putting Write Barriers in Their Place, Steve M. Blackburn, and K. S. McKinley, International Symposium on Memory Management (ISMM), June 20-21, 2002, Berlin, Germany. To appear.

Pretenuring for Java , Steve M. Blackburn, Sharad Singhai, Matthew Hertz, K. S. McKinley, and J. Eliot B. Moss, OOPSLA 2001: ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications, Tampa, FL, USA, Oct. 14 - 18, 2001.

Sapphire: Copying GC Without Stopping The World , Richard L. Hudson and J. Eliot B. Moss .

Composing High-Performance Memory Allocators , E. D. Berger, B. G. Zorn, and K. S. McKinley, Proceedings of the SIGPLAN 2001 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, Salt Lake, UT, June 2001.

Hoard: A Scalable Memory Allocator for Multithreaded Applications , E. D. Berger, K. S. McKinley, R. D. Blumofe, and P. R. Wilson, The Ninth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Cambridge, MA, November 2000.

On Models for Object Lifetime Distributions, Darko Stefanovic, K. S. McKinley, and J. Eliot B. Moss, The International Symposium on Memory Management, October 2000.

Hoard: A Scalable Memory Allocator for Multithreaded Applications, E. D. Berger, K. S. McKinley, and R. D. Blumofe, and P. R. Wilson, The Ninth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Cambridge, MA, November 2000.

Properties of Age-Based Automatic Memory Reclamation Algorithms", Darko Stefanovic, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, Feburary 1999.

Age-Based Garbage Collection, D. Stefanovic, K. S. McKinley, J. E. B. Moss, Proceedings of the ACM 1999 SIGPLAN Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages and Applications. (OOPSLA), pp. 370--381. Denver CO, November 1999.

Garbage Collection and Local Variable Type-Precision and Liveness in JavaTM Virtual Machines , Ole Agesen, David Detlefs, J. Eliot B. Moss, ACM SIGPLAN conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, June 1998, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Measuring the cost of storage management , David Tarditi (CMU) and Amer Diwan. Accepted for publication in Lisp and Symbolic Compupation. Also available as CMU TR CMU-CS-94-201.

Characterisation of object behaviour in Standard ML of New Jersey , Darko Stefanovic, J. Eliot B. Moss. Proceedings of the 1994 ACM Conference on Lisp and Functional Programming, pp 43-54 (Orlando, Florida, 27-29 June 1994). LISP Pointers 7(3), July-September 1994.

The full cost of a generational copying garbage collection implementation , David Tarditi (CMU) and Amer Diwan". OOPSLA '93 Workshop on Memory Management and Garbage Collection.

Generational copying garbage collection for Standard ML: a quantitative study , Darko Stefanovic. MS Project Report, December 1993.

The Garbage Collection Toolkit as an Experimentation Tool , Darko Stefanovic. OOPSLA '93 Workshop on Memory Management and Garbage Collection, September 1993.

Remembered sets can also play cards , Antony L. Hosking, Richard L. Hudson. Position paper for OOPSLA '93 Workshop on Memory Management and Garbage Collection (Washington, DC, October 1993).

Protection traps and alternatives for memory management of an object-oriented language,, Antony L. Hosking, J. Eliot B. Moss. Proceedings of the Fourteenth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, pp 106-119 (Asheville, North Carolina, 5-8 December 1993). ACM Operating Systems Review 27(5), December 1993.

Incremental Collection of Mature Objects , Richard Hudson and J. Eliot B. Moss. International Workshop on Memory Management, St. Malo, France, Sept. 1992, pp. 388-403, available from Springer-Verlag.

Compiler Support for Garbage Collection in a Statically Typed Language , Amer Diwan, J. Eliot B. Moss, Richard Hudson. SIGPLAN PLDI '92, pp. 273-282.

A Comparative Performance Evaluation of Write Barrier Implementations , Antony L. Hosking, J. Eliot B. Moss, Darko Stefanovic. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications, pp 92-109 (Vancouver, Canada, October 1992). ACM SIGPLAN Notices 27(10), October 1992.

A Language-Independent Garbage Collector Toolkit , Richard Hudson, J. Eliot B. Moss, Amer Diwan, and Christopher F. Weight. University of Massachusetts at Amherst Technical Report TR 91-47.

Main Memory Management for Persistence , Antony L. Hosking. Position paper for OOPSLA '91 Workshop on Garbage Collection (Phoenix, Arizona, October 1991).


Persistent Programming Languages -- Design and Implementation

Lightweight support for fine-grained persistence on stock hardware , Antony L. Hosking, PhD Thesis. Available as Technical Report 95-02, February 1995, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003.

Expressing object residency optimizations using pointer type annotations , J. Eliot B. Moss, Antony L. Hosking. Sixth International Workshop on Persistent Object Systems (Tarascon, France, September 1994).

Object fault handling for persistent programming languages: A performance evaluation , Antony L. Hosking, J. Eliot B. Moss. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Object-oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications, pp 288-303 (Washington, DC, October 1993). ACM SIGPLAN Notices 27(11), November 1993.

Update logging for persistent programming languages: A comparative performance evaluation , Antony L. Hosking, Eric W. Brown, J. Eliot B. Moss. Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, pp 429-440 (Dublin, Ireland, August 1993). Morgan Kaufmann, 1993.

Compiler support for persistent programming , Antony L. Hosking, J. Eliot B. Moss. Technical Report 91-25, March 1991, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003.

Towards compile-time optimisations for persistence , Antony L. Hosking, J. Eliot B. Moss. Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Persistent Object Systems, pp 17-27 (Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, September 1990). Published as Implementing Persistent Object Bases: Principles and Practice , Alan Dearle, Gail M. Shaw, and Stanley B. Zdonik (eds.). Morgan Kaufmann, 1990.

Design of an object faulting persistent smalltalk , Antony L. Hosking, J. Eliot B. Moss, Cynthia Bliss. COINS Technical Report 90-45, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003.


Hardware Architectures

Enhancing Branch Prediction via On-Line Statistical Analysis, Steven Dropsho, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, February 2002.

Comparing caching technniques for multitasking real-time systems , Steven Dropsho, Charles C. Weems. CMPSCI Technical Report 97-65, November 1997, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003. [Abstract].

Real-Time RISC Processing , Charles C. Weems, Steven Dropsho, University of Massachusetts-Amherst Computer Science Department TR-95-41. [Abstract].

Real-Time Computing: Implications for General Microprocessors , Charles C. Weems, Steven Dropsho, University of Massachusetts-Amherst Computer Science Department TR-95-42.[Abstract].

Real-Time Penalties in RISC Processing , Steven Dropsho, University of Massachusetts-Amherst Computer Science Department TR-95-110.[Abstract].


Heterogeneous Processing

Compiling High-Level Languages for Configurable Computers: Applying Lessons from Heterogeneous Processing , Glen E. Weaver, Charles C. Weems, K. S. McKinley, Proceedings of the SPIE International Photonics East '96 Conference, Boston, MA, November, 1996. [Abstract].

Compiler Architectures for Heterogeneous Systems , K. S. McKinley, Sharad Singhai, Glen E. Weaver, Charles C. Weems. Proceedings of the Eighth Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing, Columbus, OH, August 1995. [Abstract].

Compiling for Heterogeneous Systems: A Survey and an Approach , K. S. McKinley, J. Eliot B. Moss, Sharad Singhai, Glen E. Weaver, Charles C. Weems. CMPSCI Technical Report 95-82, October 1995, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003.[Abstract].
This report supersedes Technical Report 95-59.

Linguistic Support for Heterogeneous Parallel Processing: A Survey and an Approach , Charles C. Weems, Glen E. Weaver, Steven Dropsho. Heterogeneous Computing Workshop, pp. 81-88, April 1994. [Abstract].


Computer Vision

A Parallel Implementation of a Correspondence-Finder for Uncalibrated Stereo Image Pairs , Brendon D. Cahoon, Sharad Singhai, Glen E. Weaver, Eric Wright . University of Massachusetts at Amherst Computer Science Department Technical Report, UM-CS-1997-013, October, 1997. [Abstract].

A Relaxation Algorithm for Segmentation of Real-World Scenes , Steven Dropsho. University of Massachusetts at Amherst Computer Science Department TR-95-40. [Abstract].


Persistent Object Stores

Working with Persistent Objects: To Swizzle or Not to Swizzle , J. Eliot B. Moss. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol. 18, No. 8, August 1992, pp. 657-673.

Design of the Mneme Persistent Object Store , J. Eliot B. Moss. ACM Trans. on Information Systems, Volume 8, Number 2, April 1990, pp. 103-139.

Addressing Large Distributed Collections of Persistent Objects: The Mneme Project's Approach , J. Eliot B. Moss. Second International Workshop on Database Programming Languages, Gleneden Beach, OR, June 1989, Hull, Morrison, and Stemple, eds., Morgan Kaufmann, 1990, pp. 358-374.


Information Retrieval

The Effect of Collection Organization and Query Locality on Information Retrieval System Performance and Design , Zhihong Lu, and K S. McKinley, book chapter in Advances in Information Retrieval. Kluwer, New York, New York, 2000. Bruce Croft, Editor.

Partial Collection Replication versus Caching for Information Retrieval Systems. {\em The ACM Zhihong Lu, and K S. McKinley, International Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Athens, Greece, July 2000.

Scalable Distributed Architectures For Information Retrieval , Zhihong Lu, Ph.D Dissertation, Technical Report TR 99-49.

Searching a Terabyte of Text Using Partial Replication , Zhihong Lu, and K S. McKinley, Technical Report TR 99-50.

Partial Collection Replication For Information Retrieval , Zhihong Lu, and K S. McKinley, Technical Report TR 99-51.

Partial Replica Selection based on Relevance for Information Retrieval , Zhihong Lu, and K S. McKinley, The proceedings of the 22nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Berkeley, CA., August, 1999.

Evaluating the Performance of Distributed Architectures for Information Retrieval using a Variety of Workloads , Brendon D. Cahoon, K S. McKinley, Zhihong Lu, ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 18(1): 1--43, January 2000.

The Hardware/Software Balancing Act for Information Retrieval on Symmetric Multiprocessors , Zhihong Lu, K. S. McKinley, Brendon D. Cahoon. EuroPar98, Southampton, U.K. Sept.1-4, 1998. [Abstract].

Performance Evaluation of a Distributed Architecture for Information Retrieval , Brendon D. Cahoon, K. S. McKinley. Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Developement in Information Retrieval, Zurich, Switzerland, August 18-22, 1996.

Fast Incremental Indexing for Full-Text Information Retrieval , Eric W. Brown, James P. Callan, and W. Bruce Croft . Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on VLDB, pp 192-202 (Santiago, Chile, Setptember 1994). Morgan Kaufmann, 1994.

Supporting Full-Text Information Retrieval with a Persistent Object Store , Eric W. Brown, James P. Callan, W. Bruce Croft, and J. Eliot B. Moss. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Extending Database Technology, pp 365-378 (Cambridge, UK, March 1994). Springer-Verlag, 1994.


Transactional Memory

Transactional Memory: Architectural Support for Lock-Free Data Structures , Maurice Herlihy and J. Eliot B. Moss. International Symposium on Computer Architecture, May 1993 (camera ready version).

Transactional Memory: Architectural Support for Lock-Free Data Structures , Maurice Herlihy and J. Eliot B. Moss. Digital Equipment Corporation Cambridge Research Laboratory Technical Report CRL 92/07, December 1992. Under revision for journal publication.


DARPA Image Understanding Benchmarks

The DARPA Image Understanding Motion Benchmark , Charles C. Weems, Steven Dropsho, Glen Weaver, Rohan Kumar, James H. Burrill, Proceedings of CAMP '97, October 1997, pp 260-269, IEEE Compuer Society, Pub.

The DARPA Image Understanding Benchmark for Parallel Processors , Charles Charles C. Weems, Edward M. Riseman, Allen R. Hanson, Azriel Rosenfeld, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing Vol. 11, pp. 1-24, 1991.

Initial Results From the DARPA Integrated Image Understanding Benchmark , Charles Charles C. Weems, Edward M. Riseman, Allen R. Hanson, Azriel Rosenfeld in "Parallel Architectures and Algorithms for Image Understanding", V.K. Prassana Kumar (ed.), Academic Press, 1991.

An Integrated Image Understanding Benchmark: Recognition of a 2 1/2 D "Mobile" , Charles Charles C. Weems, Edward M. Riseman, Allen R. Hanson, Azriel Rosenfeld, Proceedings of the 1988 DARPA Image Understanding Workshop, April 5-8, 1988, Cambridge, MA, Vol I, pp. 111-126. Also appeared by special permission as: "A Computer Vision Benchmark for Parallel Processing Systems", Third International Conference on Supercomputing, May 17-20, 1988, Boston, MA, Vol. III pp. 79-93; and "IU Parallel Processing Benchmark", Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, June 5-9, 1988, Ann Arbor, MI, pp 673-688.

A Report on the Results of the DARPA Integrated Image Understanding Benchmark Exercise , Charles Charles C. Weems, Edward M. Riseman, Allen R. Hanson, Azriel Rosenfeld, Proceedings of the DARPA Image Understanding Workshop, May, 1989, Morgan Kaufmann, Pub.

The DARPA Image Understanding Benchmark for Parallel Computers , Charles Charles C. Weems, Edward M. Riseman, Allen R. Hanson, Azriel Rosenfeld, COINS Technical Report 90-98, October 1990 (preliminary version of article appearing in Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing).

An Integrated Image Understanding Benchmark: Recognition of a 2 1/2 D Mobile , Charles Charles C. Weems, Edward M. Riseman, Allen R. Hanson, Azriel Rosenfeld, COINS Technical Report 88-34, May 1988.


Image Understanding Architecture

ISR: A Database for Symbolic Processing in Computer Vision , John Brolio, Bruce Draper, J. Ross Beveridge, Allen R. Hanson, IEEE Computer, Vol. 22, No. 12, pp. 22-30, December 1989.

Performance Evaluation of Massively Parallel Array Architectures , Martin Herbordt, Computer Science Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, August, 1994.

The Image Understanding Architecture , Charles C. Weems, Steven Levitan, Allen R. Hanson, Edward M. Riseman, J. Gregory Nash, International Journal of Computer Vision, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 251-282

Real-Time Considerations in the Design of the Image Understanding Architecture Charles C. Weems, Journal of Real-Time Imaging, 2, 341-350 (1996), Academic Press.

The DARPA Image Understanding Benchmark for Parallel Computers Charles C. Weems, Allen R. Hanson, Edward M. Riseman, Azriel Rosenfeld, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, Vol. 11, No. 1 (January, 1991), pp. 1-24.

Status and Current Research in the Image Understanding Architecture Effort Charles C. Weems, Martin Herbordt, Michael Scudder, James H. Burrill, Richard Lerner, Thomas Williams, Proc. 1992 DARPA IU Workshop, January, 1992, San Diego, CA, Morgan Kaufmann, pp. 269 - 283.

Approach to Portable Parallel Programs , Charles C. Weems, Proceedings of the IEEE New Frontiers Workshop, McLean, VA, October, 1992, pp. 36-47.

Making a Dataparallel Language Portable for Massively Parallel Array Computers , M. Herbordt, James H. Burrill, Charles C. Weems, Proc. CAMP '97.

Design and Deveolopment of Tightly-Coupled Heterogeneous Parallel Systems for Image Understanding , Charles C. Weems, James H. Burrill, D. Shu, IEEE Int'l Parallel Processing Symposium Parallel Systems Fair, Cancun, Mexico, April, 1994, pp. 3 - 10.

Using the Gnu C++ Compiler to Generate Code for a Massively Parallel SIMD Processor , James H. Burrill, Internet, May 1993.

The Class Library for the IUA Tutorial , James H. Burrill, Technical Report, Amerinex Artificial Intelligence, Inc., 1992.

The Image Understanding Architecture and its Software Development Tools , Charles C. Weems, James H. Burrill, chapter in "Parallel Architectures and Algorithms for Image Understanding", V.K. Prassana Kumar (ed.), Academic Press, 1991.


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